Duct Size Calculator

Area = CFM / velocity → round diameter and a rectangular equivalent. Click any i for detail.

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Airflow

Airflow (CFM)
i
CFM

Supply or return airflow.

Design velocity (FPM)
i
FPM

Common supply ~700–900 FPM.

Rect aspect (W:H)
i
Aspect

For rectangular equivalent; e.g. 2 means W=2H.

How to use this calculator

  1. Enter CFM.
  2. Set design velocity.
  3. Choose a rectangular aspect ratio.
  4. Read round diameter and rect size sketch.

Results explained

Duct cross-section area in sq ft is CFM divided by velocity in FPM. Round diameter follows from that area; a rectangle with a chosen aspect ratio shares the same area. Friction, fittings, and noise limits need a real design.

Quick reference: duct sizing sketch

A = CFM/FPM; D = 12×√(4A/π).

ItemDetail
400 CFM @ 800 FPMA = 0.5 sq ft
Round D≈ 9.6 in
Aspect 2≈ 12 × 6 in
ReturnsOften lower velocity

Sizing sketch only — not a Manual D replacement.

How the estimate is built

A=CFM/vel; D_in=12√(4A/π); H=√(A/aspect), W=aspect×H.

Example scenario

400 CFM at 800 FPM → ~9.6 in round.

FAQ

Supply vs return?

Returns often use lower velocities / larger ducts.

Flex duct?

Effective diameter and friction differ.

See CFM page?

Yes — for airflow from area × velocity.

Static pressure?

Not modeled here.