Federal Income Tax Calculator
Progressive federal tax from taxable income — illustrative brackets only, not a filing tool. Click any i for detail.
Taxable income
Taxable income ($)
i
Taxable
Income after deductions; not gross wages. |
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Filing status
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Status
Defaults use single brackets; MFJ/HOH use illustrative scaled brackets. |
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Tax year
i
Year
Illustrative IRS-style brackets for education only. |
How to use this calculator
- Enter taxable income (after deductions).
- Choose filing status and tax year.
- Read tax, effective rate, and the top bracket used.
- Compare with credits and withholding separately — this page omits them.
Results explained
U.S. federal income tax is progressive: each slice of taxable income is taxed at its own rate. This page applies illustrative bracket tables (default: 2025 single) and sums the tax on each slice. It does not model credits, NIIT, AMT, payroll tax, or state tax.
Quick reference: progressive tax
Tax = sum of (slice × rate) across brackets.
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| 2025 single 10% | to ~$11,925 |
| 12% / 22% | through mid brackets |
| Marginal vs effective | Top slice rate ≠ tax ÷ income |
| Credits | Not subtracted here |
Illustrative brackets only — confirm current IRS tables before filing.
How the estimate is built
tax = Σ rate_i × max(0, min(income, top_i) − bottom_i).
Example scenario
Single, 2025, taxable $75,000 → about $11,414 before credits.
FAQ
Is this my refund?
No. Refunds depend on withholding, credits, and the full return.
Why not use AGI?
Enter taxable income after the standard or itemized deduction.
Does MFJ just double brackets?
This page uses illustrative scaled tables — close to, but not a substitute for, official IRS schedules.
State tax?
Not included. Add state worksheets separately.